Montreal Protocol MCQs
The ozone layer is a part of the Earth's atmosphere. It sits above the ground surface. This layer is special because it contains a high amount of ozone (O₃) molecules.
Image Source: CANVA
Why is the Ozone Layer Important?
- Protects Us from the Sun: The ozone layer acts like a shield. It blocks most of the Sun's harmful ultraviolet (UV) rays. Without it, these rays could cause skin cancer, cataracts, and other health problems.
- Keeps the Climate Stable: By filtering UV rays, the ozone layer helps to keep the Earth's climate balanced. It affects weather patterns and temperature.
- Supports Life: Many plants and animals depend on a stable environment. The ozone layer helps protect them by keeping harmful UV rays away.
1. What is
the purpose of the Montreal Protocol?
A) To reduce greenhouse gas emissions
B) To protect the ozone layer
C) To promote global trade
D) To regulate wildlife conservation
Correct
Answer: To protect the ozone layer
Explanation:
The Montreal Protocol aims to protect the ozone layer by controlling the
production and consumption of ozone-depleting substances.
A) Chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs)
B) Hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs)
C) Carbon dioxide (CO2)
D) Methyl bromide
Correct
Answer: C) Carbon dioxide (CO2)
Explanation:
The Montreal Protocol primarily targets ozone-depleting substances like CFCs
and halons, not greenhouse gases like CO2.
A) Paris Agreement
B) Kyoto Protocol
C) Vienna Convention
D) Stockholm Convention
Correct
Answer: C) Vienna Convention.
Explanation:
The Vienna Convention for the Protection of the Ozone Layer established the
framework for international cooperation to address ozone depletion.
A) Protecting Arctic ice caps
B) Montreal Protocol achievements
C) Renewable energy technologies
D) Wildlife conservation efforts
Correct
Answer: B) Montreal Protocol achievements
Explanation:
The theme for 2024 is "Montreal Protocol: fixing the ozone layer and
reducing climate change."
A) 1985
B) 1987
C) 1994
D) 2009
Correct
Answer: C) 1994
Explanation:
The International Day for the Preservation of the Ozone Layer was established
in 1994 by the United Nations General Assembly.
A) UNDP
B) UNEP Ozone Secretariat
C) UNICEF
D) WHO
Correct
Answer: B) UNEP Ozone Secretariat
Explanation:
The UNEP Ozone Secretariat is responsible for coordinating global efforts under
the Montreal Protocol
A) Halocarbons
B) Sulfur compounds
C) Nitrogen oxides
D) Organic acids
Correct
Answer: A) Halocarbons
Explanation:
Halocarbons, containing halogen atoms like chlorine and bromine, are known for
their ozone-depleting potential.
A) Vienna Amendment
B) Kigali Amendment
C) Copenhagen Amendment
D) Paris Amendment
Correct
Answer: B) Kigali Amendment
Explanation:
The Kigali Amendment, agreed upon in 2016, aims to phase down HFCs, which are
potent greenhouse gases.
A) The date of the first global ozone conference
B) The date the Montreal Protocol was signed
C) Universal ratification of the Montreal Protocol
D) The date of the first ozone hole discovery
Correct Answer: C) Universal ratification of the Montreal Protocol
Explanation: On
September 16, 2009, the Vienna Convention and the Montreal Protocol achieved
universal ratification.
10. Which region hosted the 28th Meeting of the Parties to the Montreal Protocol where the Kigali Amendment was agreed upon?
A) Vienna
B) Montreal
C) Kigali
D) Geneva
Correct
Answer: C) Kigali
Explanation:
The Kigali Amendment was agreed upon at the 28th Meeting of the Parties in
Kigali, Rwanda.
11. Which action is NOT a result of the Montreal Protocol?
A) Universal ratification
B) Accelerated phase-out of HCFCs
C) Phasing down of HFCs
D) Adoption of the Vienna Convention
Correct Answer: B) Accelerated phase-out of HCFCs
Explanation:
The Montreal Protocol focused on phasing out ozone-depleting substances like
CFCs and halons, not HCFCs.
A) Agriculture
B) Aviation
C) Refrigeration and air conditioning
D) Mining
Correct
Answer: C) Refrigeration and air conditioning
Explanation:
The Kigali Amendment focuses on improving efficiency in the cooling sector to
reduce emissions of HFCs.
A) Industrial waste
B) Deforestation
C) Ozone-depleting substances
D) Volcanic eruptions
Correct Answer: C) Ozone-depleting substances
Explanation:
Ozone-depleting substances like CFCs and halons are primarily responsible for
ozone depletion in the stratosphere.
A) They act as protective shields for the ozone layer.
B) They absorb ultraviolet radiation.
C) They release chlorine and bromine atoms that deplete ozone.
D) They help in the production of ozone.
Correct
Answer: C) They release chlorine and bromine atoms that deplete ozone
Explanation:
Halocarbons release chlorine and bromine atoms when they break down, which
catalytically destroy ozone molecules.
A) CFCs
B) HFCs
C) Halons
D) HCFCs
Correct Answer: C) Halons
Explanation: Halons are chemicals known for their
effectiveness in fire suppression, especially in confined spaces like
submarines and aircraft.
A) They are halocarbons with low ozone-depleting potential.
B) They are used as fire suppressants.
C) They are used in medical inhalers.
D) They are ozone-depleting substances.
Correct
Answer: D) They are ozone-depleting substances
Explanation:
Methyl bromide and methyl chloroform are ozone-depleting substances identified
under the Montreal Protocol.
A) It focuses on carbon capture technologies.
B) It reduces emissions of methane.
C) It helps in reducing global warming by phasing out
ozone-depleting substances.
D) It promotes renewable energy adoption.
18. Which statement about hydrochlorofluorocarbons (HCFCs) is true?
A) They have high ozone-depleting potential.
B) They were phased out globally by 2020.
C) They are transitional substitutes for CFCs.
D) They are not controlled under the Montreal Protocol.
Correct
Answer: C) They are transitional substitutes for CFCs
Explanation:
HCFCs were used as transitional substitutes for more harmful CFCs and are being
phased out under the Montreal Protocol.
A) It was adopted in 1987.
B) It aims to reduce greenhouse gas emissions.
C) It established the framework for protecting the ozone
layer.
D) It led to the phase-out of HFCs.
Correct
Answer: C) It established the framework for protecting the ozone layer
Explanation:
The Vienna Convention established the framework for international cooperation
to protect the ozone layer.
A) 22 March 1985
B) 16 September 1987
C) 15 October 2016
D) 16 September 2009
Correct Answer: B) 16 September 1987
Explanation:
The Montreal Protocol was signed on 16 September 1987, leading to the
International Day for the Preservation of the Ozone Layer.
Conclusion:
The ozone layer is a crucial part of our atmosphere, acting as a protective shield against harmful UV rays from the Sun. Its role in safeguarding our health, supporting life, and maintaining climate stability cannot be overstated. By filtering out most of the Sun's harmful radiation, the ozone layer helps prevent skin cancer, eye damage, and other health issues, while also keeping our environment balanced. Understanding its importance highlights why we need to protect and preserve it. Together, through efforts like the Montreal Protocol and everyday actions, we can help ensure that this vital layer continues to protect our planet for generations to come