Objective question and answer on Illumination levels in the Factory as per Factory Act 1948

Importance of Illumination Levels in the Factory

Objective question and answer on Illumination levels in the Factory as per Factory Act 1948
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Maintaining appropriate illumination levels in a factory setting is crucial for several reasons, encompassing safety, productivity, product quality, worker health, regulatory compliance, and security. Let’s delve deeper into each aspect:

1.      Productivity: Adequate lighting enhances productivity by enabling workers to perform tasks efficiently and accurately. Clear visibility reduces errors and boosts output.

2.      Safety: Good lighting reduces the risk of accidents by improving visibility of machinery, obstacles, and potential hazards. It ensures safer navigation and operation within the factory premises.

3.      Quality Control: Proper lighting aids in identifying defects and maintaining consistent product quality through effective inspection processes.

4.      Health: Insufficient lighting can lead to eye strain, headaches, and fatigue among workers. Proper illumination supports their health and well-being, enhancing comfort and reducing discomfort.

5.      Security: Well-lit areas discourage unauthorized activities and enhance surveillance capabilities, thereby improving overall security.

 

MCQs on Illumination Levels in Indian Factories

1.      Question: According to the Factories Act, 1948, illumination in the workplace should be adequate to prevent __________.

o    A) Fire hazards

o    B) Eye strain

o    C) Noise pollution

o    D) Electrical accidents

o    Answer: B) Eye strain

Explanation: Adequate lighting is mandated to prevent eye strain among workers, ensuring their comfort and reducing health risks.

2.      Question: Who is responsible for ensuring adequate lighting in a factory as per the Factories Act, 1948?

o    A) Factory workers

o    B) Local municipal authorities

o    C) Factory inspector

o    D) Factory owner

o    Answer: D) Factory owner

Explanation: The factory owner is legally responsible for providing and maintaining adequate lighting conditions as per regulatory requirements.

3.      Question: The illumination levels required in working places are typically measured in:

o    A) Decibels (dB)

o    B) Lumens (lm)

o    C) Lux (lx)

o    D) Watts (W)

o    Answer: C) Lux (lx)

Explanation: Lux is the standard unit of measurement for illuminance, which quantifies the amount of light falling on a surface.

4.      Question: Which section of the Factories Act, 1948, deals with the requirement for adequate lighting in factories?

o    A) Section 28

o    B) Section 29

o    C) Section 30

o    D) Section 31

o    Answer: B) Section 29

Explanation: Section 29 of the Factories Act, 1948, specifies the requirements for adequate lighting in all indoor workplaces within factories.

5.      Question: Illumination levels in factories are primarily regulated by:

o    A) Bureau of Indian Standards (BIS)

o    B) Ministry of Labour and Employment

o    C) Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change

o    D) Directorate General of Factory Advice Service and Labour Institutes (DGFASLI)

o    Answer: D) Directorate General of Factory Advice Service and Labour Institutes (DGFASLI)

Explanation: DGFASLI plays a key role in formulating and enforcing guidelines related to illumination levels in Indian factories.

6.      Question: Which of the following is NOT a factor affecting required illumination levels in a workplace?

o    A) Type of work performed

o    B) Height of the factory ceiling

o    C) Nature of the materials used

o    D) Size of the workforce

o    Answer: D) Size of the workforce

Explanation: Factors such as type of work, ceiling height, and materials used impact lighting requirements, whereas workforce size does not directly affect illumination needs.

7.      Question: The Factories Act, 1948, mandates that adequate lighting should be provided in:

o    A) All indoor workplaces

o    B) Outdoor workplaces only

o    C) Manufacturing areas only

o    D) Administrative areas only

o    Answer: A) All indoor workplaces

Explanation: The Act specifies that all indoor workplaces within factories must have adequate lighting to ensure safe and productive working conditions.

8.      Question: The illumination levels required in factories are primarily aimed at ensuring:

o    A) Comfort of workers

o    B) Energy efficiency

o    C) Security of the premises

o    D) Compliance with local laws

o    Answer: A) Comfort of workers

Explanation: Illumination levels are set to provide optimal conditions for workers to perform tasks comfortably and safely.

9.      Question: Who determines the specific illumination levels required for different types of workplaces under the Factories Act, 1948?

o    A) Local police authorities

o    B) Factory workers' union

o    C) State government rules

o    D) Factory inspector

o    Answer: C) State government rules

Explanation: Specific illumination requirements for different types of workplaces are determined by rules and regulations set by the state government.

10. Question: Emergency lighting in factories is required to ensure:

o    A) Energy conservation during power cuts

o    B) Safe evacuation during emergencies

o    C) Adequate lighting for night shifts

o    D) Compliance with local building codes

o    Answer: B) Safe evacuation during emergencies

Explanation: Emergency lighting is crucial for ensuring safe evacuation of workers during emergencies when regular lighting may not be available.

11. Question: The intensity of lighting in factories is influenced by all EXCEPT:

o    A) Type of task being performed

o    B) Natural light availability

o    C) Number of exits in the factory

o    D) Duration of work shifts

o    Answer: C) Number of exits in the factory

Explanation: The intensity of lighting is influenced by the type of tasks performed, natural light availability, and work shift durations, but not by the number of exits in the factory.

12. Question: Which of the following is a standard measure of illuminance in the metric system?

o    A) Foot-candles

o    B) Candela

o    C) Lux

o    D) Lumens

o    Answer: C) Lux

Explanation: Lux is the standard unit of measurement for illuminance, which measures the amount of light falling on a surface.

13. Question: Under the Factories Act, 1948, who conducts inspections to ensure compliance with lighting standards?

o    A) Local police

o    B) Factory workers

o    C) Factory inspector

o    D) Trade union representatives

o    Answer: C) Factory inspector

Explanation: Factory inspectors are responsible for conducting inspections to ensure factories comply with lighting standards as per the Factories Act, 1948.

14. Question: The purpose of adequate lighting in factories includes:

o    A) Enhancing productivity only

o    B) Ensuring safety and preventing accidents

o    C) Reducing utility costs

o    D) Maintaining equipment efficiency

o    Answer: B) Ensuring safety and preventing accidents

Explanation: Adequate lighting in factories is crucial for ensuring safety by improving visibility and reducing the risk of accidents.

15. Question: What is the main consideration when determining illumination levels in a factory?

o    A) Architectural design

o    B) Employee preferences

o    C) Type of work and tasks performed

o    D) Government funding

o    Answer: C) Type of work and tasks performed

Explanation: The type of work and tasks performed in a factory heavily influence the required illumination levels to ensure optimal visibility and safety.

16. Question: In the context of factory lighting, glare refers to:

o    A) Insufficient lighting

o    B) Flickering of lights

o    C) Excessive brightness or contrast causing discomfort

o    D) Reflection of light off surfaces

o    Answer: C) Excessive brightness or contrast causing discomfort

Explanation: Glare in factory lighting occurs when there is excessive brightness or contrast, which can cause discomfort and reduce visibility.

17. Question: The Factories Act, 1948, emphasizes adequate lighting to prevent:

o    A) Theft

o    B) Food contamination

o    C) Eye strain and accidents

o    D) Noise pollution

o    Answer: C) Eye strain and accidents

Explanation: Adequate lighting is mandated to prevent eye strain among workers and reduce the risk of accidents in factory environments.

18. Question: Which of the following areas in a factory typically requires the highest illumination levels?

o    A) Office spaces

o    B) Storage rooms

o    C) Production floors

o    D) Cafeteria

o    Answer: C) Production floors

Explanation: Production floors typically require the highest illumination levels to ensure clear visibility for tasks and machinery operation.

19. Question: The intensity of lighting required in a factory is influenced by:

o    A) Factory's age

o    B) Number of windows

o    C) Seasonal changes

o    D) Local climate

o    Answer: B) Number of windows

Explanation: The presence and placement of windows affect natural light availability, which in turn influences the required intensity of artificial lighting in a factory.

20. Question: Compliance with illumination standards in factories is primarily monitored by:

o    A) Factory workers

o    B) Local municipal authorities

o    C) Factory management

o    D) Factory inspectorate

o    Answer: D) Factory inspectorate

Explanation: The factory inspectorate, under the Factories Act, 1948, is responsible for monitoring and enforcing compliance with illumination standards in factories.

Conclusion

Maintaining appropriate illumination levels in factories is essential not only for compliance with regulatory standards but also for enhancing worker productivity, ensuring safety, and supporting quality control efforts. By adhering to established guidelines and addressing specific workplace needs, factories can create a conducive environment that promotes efficiency, safety, and well-being.

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