Biodiversity and Conservation mcqs with answers
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In this blog we will tell you about "Biodiversity and conservation, Environment studies ,ecology & ecosystem multiple choice questions and solution for Academic education , gk paper in SSC, NDA, CDS, UPSC, UPPSC, and many state level PSC examinations and other competitive examinations.
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1. Who is the father of Biodiversity?
a.Walter G Rosen.
b.Thomas Lovejoy.
c.Edward Wilson.
d.Ramdeo Mishra.
Answer: c.Edward Wilson.
Explanation: Edward Osborne wilson (1929-2021) is the father of Biodiversity. During his lifetime he well known as Harvard biologist and Conservationist , he wrote 20 books and won two Pulitzer prizes and discovered 100 of new species. Considered to be one of the world greatest scientists. He is a pioneer in making efforts to preserve and protect the biodiversity of the planet.
2.Who coined the term Biodiversity?
a.Thomas Lovejoy.
b. Edward Wilson.
c.Walter G Rosen
d.Alexander Von Humboldt
Answer: c.Walter G Rosen.
Explanation: The term Biodiversity was coined by Walter G Rosen(1934-1998) in the tear 1985 is a relatively new compound word of the Biological Diversity which was introduced by Thomas lovejoy (1980) to express the Number of species present in the community.
3.Who is the god father of Biodiversity?
a.Thomas Lovejoy.
b. Edward Wilson.
c.Walter G Rosen
d.Alexander Von Humboldt
Answer: a.Thomas Lovejoy.
Explanation: Thomas Lovejoy(1941-2021)known as Godfather of Biodiversity. He was an American ecologist who was the president of the Amazon forest as senior research fellow at the United nation foundation,also he was World bank chief biodiversity advisor and the lead specialist for environment for Latin America and Caribbean. Lovejoy began referring the word Biological Diversity -the rich variety of life in the earth. Later shortened to Biodiversity.
4.Sundarban has been declared world heritage site for?
a.Biodiversity.
b.Tiger Reserve.
c.River.
d.Mangrove forest.
Answer: d.Mangrove forest.
Explanation: Sundarban was recognized as a cultural UNESCO world heritage site in 1987.Sundarban is the only Mangrove forest in the world which is the home of Tiger(Royal bengal tiger). Sundarban Tiger reserve has the highest tiger reserve in the world. It is the home of Royal Bengal Tiger. The Mangrove ecosystem of the Sundarban is considered to be the unique because of its immensely densed with rich Mangrove flora & fauna. Till now 78 species of Mangrove recorded in that area. It is the richest mangrove forest in the world.
5.When Was Sundarban Declared as Biosphere Reserve?
a.2000.
b.2001.
c.2002.
d.2003.
Answer: b.2001.
Explanation: Sundarban Biosphere Reserve was constituted by Indian govt in 1989 and it received the recognition of UNESCO under Man and Biosphere (mab) programme in November ,2001.
Note:
Sundarban, the largest delta in the world, consists of 10,200 sq km of Mangrove Forest , spread over India (4200 sq km of Reserved Forest) and Bangladesh (6000 sq km approx of Reserved Forest) and is also the largest Mangrove Forest in the world. Another 5400 sq km of non-forest, inhabited region in India , along the north and north-western fringe of mangrove forest, is also known as Sundarban region in India . Hence, the total area of Sundarban region in India is 9600 sq km which constitutes the Sundarban Biosphere Reserve. Indian Sundarban is bound on the west by river Muriganga and on the east by rivers Haribhanga and Raimangal. Other major rivers flowing through this eco-system are Saptamukhi, Thakuran, Matla and Gosaba.
6.In which year Sundarban declared as Ramsar site?
a. 2016.
b.2017.
c.2018.
d.2019.
Answer: d.2019.
Explanation: The Sundarban wetland has been declared as Ramsar site 30jan,2019 as 27 th Ramsar site in India. Total 423000 hectares area has been declared is the largest protected area in the country.
Note:
Sundarban Wetland is located within the largest mangrove forest in the world, the Sundarbans, that encompasses hundreds of islands and a maze of rivers, rivulets and creeks, in the delta of the Rivers Ganges and Brahmaputra on the Bay of Bengal in India and Bangladesh. The Indian Sundarban, covering the south-westernmost part of the delta, constitutes over 60% of the country’s total mangrove forest area and includes 90% of Indian mangrove species. The mangrove forests protect the hinterland from storms, cyclones, tidal surges, and the seepage and intrusion of saltwater inland and into waterways. They serve as nurseries to shellfish and finfish and sustain the fisheries of the entire eastern coast.
7.In which year Forest Conservation Act passed in India?
a.1980.
b.1973.
c.1985.
d.1987.
Answer: a.1980.
Explanation: The forest (conservation)act ,1980 came into force with effect from 25th Oct,1980. The basic aim of the act is,to regulate the indiscriminate diversion of forest lands for non forestry uses and to maintain a logical balance between the development needs of the country and the conservation of the natural heritage.
8.Which of the following is an anti forest conservation activity?
a.Preservation of wild animals.
b.Preservation of Fire.
c.Clearfelling.
d.Economy in Lumberning.
Answer: c.Clearfelling.
Explanation:Clear Felling or clear cut logging is the removal of all trees from an area for harvesting. It is a controversial forestry/logging practice in which the majority trees in an area are uniformly cut down. Clearcutting ,in addition to shelterwood and seed tree harvests,is utilized by foresters to construct certain types of forest ecosystem and to encourage select species that require plentiful sunlight or grow in large,even-age stands.
Different country supports the practice for scientific purpose, economic and safety purposes. But Detractors view clearcutting as similar deforestation, destroying natural habitats and encouraging climatic change. Clearcutting is the famous for dual purpose: marketing harvested wood and clearing land for cattle farmers.
9.Which movement started in India for protect and conserve the Forest?
a.Chipko movement.
b.Forest Movement.
c.Conservation Movement.
d.All of the above.
Answer: a.Chipko movement.
Explanation: The Chipko movement originated in the Himalayan region of Uttarakhand (then part of Uttar Pradesh) in 1973. The movement was launched by Chandi Prasad Bhatt and Sunderlal Bahuguna against large scale cutting of trees by timber contractors in the Uttarakhand hills, the movement was mainly about hugging the trees to protect them from cutting. Sunder Lal Bahuguna is the father of Chipko movement, was his creation of the Chipko slogan “Ecology is Permanent economy”.
10.In which Year Plant's were added to the protected Species list?
a.1990.
b.1991.
c.1992.
d.1993.
Answer: b.1991.
Explanation: Protected species list :1991,where plants were included first time ion protected species list. The decision was taken by IUCN.